Analysis of Biofilm Formation and its Correlation with Antibiotic Susceptibility Pattern of Uropathogens

One the most commonly acquired bacterial infection is Urinary tract infection (UTI). It has become major health problem with the advent of increasing resistance to commonly prescribed antibiotics. Biofilm formation accounts as a major causative factor for antibiotic resistance by uropathogenes. The purpose of this study was to detect biofilm formation by uropathogenes isolated from UTIs, their antibiotic susceptibility pattern. The isolated bacteria were tested for biofilm production by congo red agar (CRA) method. Antibiotic susceptibility pattern of uropathogens was done by Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method. Out of 100 cultures positive cases 41 (41%) isolates were biofilm producers. The maximum biofilm production was seen in Enterococcus spp 28 (68.3%), 9 (21.95%) of E. coli isolates showed biofilm formation followed by 3 (7.32%) of K. pneumoniae and 1 (2.43%)of Pseudomonas isolates. There were no biofilm producing isolates of Enterobacter spp., Acinetobacterspp. and P. mirabilis found in the present study. The antibiotic resistance was higher among biofilm producers to commonly used antibiotics as compared to non-biofilm producers. It was concluded that the ability of slime production and biofilm formation of uropathogenic strains had significant role in antibiotic resistance. Biofilm formation is the major virulence determinant of uropathogens, so it is necessary to screen all urinary isolates for biofilm production.