Uses of Advanced Spacecraft Propulsion Systems for in-Space and Deep-Space Applications

Space technology is one of the biggest feat mankind has achieved in the past 5 decades. These technologies have enabled humans to send satellites and even humans to outer space and even various planets in our solar systems. But the technology used in these endeavors is showing its age. The chemical propulsion systems used in these applications are very expensive and not at all efficient. This has given rise to various advanced space propulsion systems. In this paper, we discuss the Nuclear Thermal Propulsion System, Xenon Ion Propulsion System, and Solar Sails Propulsion as part of the advanced propulsion systems. We discuss the past usage of these systems; their possible future uses for in-space and deep-space applications and how these can advance the exploration of space further.