The Role of Disinfection in the Prevention and Control of Healthcare Associated Infections in Operation Theatre

The present article is a theoretical study of the principle of cleaning and disinfection that aims to promote reflection on the role of care in Healthcare Associated Infections (HCAI) prevention with emphasis on practical recommendations. The source of the infections can be endogenous or exogenous in operation room. By sterile environment in operation theatres major part of such exogenous infections can be controlled. Proper ventilation, air circulation, temperature, maintenance of sterile environment in operation theatres plays key role in prevention of such infections. Steps for maintaining sterile environment include cleaning and disinfection of operation theatres by various means like chemical disinfection or disinfection with ultraviolet radiation. Along with this surgical instruments also can be a source of exogenous infections. So cleaning, lubrication, packing and sterilization of instruments are essential for prevention of surgical site infections. The article outlines a number of challenges faced by health services related to HCAI prevention, highlights key components of HCAI prevention programmes within the disinfection sphere and provides practical recommendations for HCAI control and prevention.