A Study of Incidence of Ovarian Tumors in Oophorectomy Cases with Special Emphasis on Tribal Population of Jharkhand

Background: Tumors of the ovary are common form of neoplasia seen in females. Ovarian tumors comprise 6% of all cancers in female. It ranks fifth among female tumors. Among female genital tract cancers it ranks third after cervical cancer and endometrial cancer. Though the incidence of ovarian cancer is less, it account for almost half of deaths from cancer of female genital tract. Almost half of ovarian tumors are benign and occurs between age 20-45 years. Malignant tumors are more common in older women between 45 and 60 years. Early diagnosis of ovarian tumor is difficult since it presents with pelvic heaviness, abdominal swelling, abdominal pain, abnormal uterine bleeding in advanced stages, early diagnosis rests on suspicion and accidental radiological findings. Hence more work is required the highlight the problems with early diagnosis of ovarian tumors, particularly in low socio-economic groups. Events of reproductive life, high parity, early age of mother at birth of the baby, use of oral contraceptives and breast feeding are known to reduce the incidence of ovarian malignancy. Family history of ovarian or breast cancer, use of fertility drugs such as Clomiphene citrate, use of talcum powder on genital areas and poor genital area hygiene are high risk factors. All such cases need to get proper attention so early diagnosis should be tried to reduce mortality. Objectives:- 1.To know the incidence of ovarian tumors especially in reference to tribal population of Jharkhand. 2.To observe various risk factors associated with ovarian tumors. 3.To study the various histopathological forms of ovarian tumors.