Screening for Diabetic Nephropathy by Measuring Micro-Albuminuria on 24 Hour Urine

Micro-albuminuria is an early marker of diabetic nephropathy (DN) but also a predictor of morbidity and mortality. The aim of our work was to assess the frequency of DN by measuring micro-albuminuria (mA) on 24h urine. This was a retrospective study carried out in 2018 in 450 diabetic patients having undergone an mA assay in the multipurpose laboratory of the ABASS NDAO hospital, in Dakar, Senegal. The mA was assayed on 24h urine with the BTS-350 (Barcelona, Spain). The median age in our study population was 56.31 ± 12.75 years with a predominance of the 40-59 years age group (48 %). We found a predominance of women (62 %) with a sex ratio of 0.61. The prevalence of DN was 26 % in the general population with a predominance in subjects aged over 60 (15.8 %), female (16.9 %) and in T2D (21.6 %) with a statistically significant difference (p less than0.05). Proteinuria was found in 6 % of patients (n = 27) with a predominance in women aged over 60 with type II diabetes. Diabetic nephropathy is a frequent complication of diabetes mellitus. Its prevention requires an early diagnosis by the dosage of micro-albuminuria. Its dosage should be popularized especially in subjects over 50 years to improve the quality of care.