Electrophysiological Nerve Conduction Study to Evaluate Peripheral Nerves in Early Detection of Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy in Type 2 Diabetes

Introduction: Diabetic peripheral neuropathy is the most common long term complications of DM. Nerve conduction studies are the most sensitive indices of the severity of neuropathy. Vitamin D is required for nerve cell growth and cell development, neuronal survival and has important role in regulating nerve axonal regeneration. It can be utilized for prevention and therapy of diabetic neuropathy. Aim: To study the association between Vitamin D levels and Nerve conduction velocity in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus patients. Methodology: Total number of 60 subjects (diabetic subjects and the healthy controls) were examined to assess the Diabetic neuropathy. Sensory Nerve conduction velocity test was done along with the estimation of Vitamin D levels and HbA1c levels in all the diabetic subjects (HbA1c6.5 %) and the healthy controls. Results: The analysis showed that the NCV decreased in diabetic patients with a low Vitamin D levels in comparison to healthy subjects with normal Vitamin D levels. Conclusion: In diabetic subjects there is progressive neuronal involvement which is accelerated by low Vitamin D levels and poor glycaemic control leads to development of diabetic neuropathy. Therefore, NCS can be employed for the early detection of neuropathy in diabetic patients.