Tissue Engineering: The Future of Most End Stage Organ Diseases and Tissue Loss Related Clinical Issues

The major medical problems including end-stage organ diseases and tissue losses are still waiting for the most stable alternatives to restore their functional liabilities. The organ transplantation has developed as successful methods for most of these organ failure diseases but the severe scarcity (especially in pediatric population), cost of transplantations and other post-transplantation associated risks have been a major driving force for the development of more reliable and, safe and cost-effective therapeutic measures for most of these end-stage organ failure diseases. Researchers have been investigating methods for fabrication/generation of functional living tissue/organ { tissue engineering} using various approaches such as cells seeded on highly porous synthetic biodegradable polymer scaffolds for the development of biological substitutes that may replace lost tissue function. There has been a tremendous success in the past few decades towards the principles of tissue engineering in the fabrication of a wide variety of tissues/organs and reports have been there showing both structural and visceral organs regeneration and their functional applications in clinical settings. This article focuses on the current status of tissue engineering principles and outcomes an as potential therapeutic regimes for end-stage organ disease and tissue loss.