Study of Five Complete Genomes of Vibrio Parahaemolyticus: Focusing Non-Pandemic to Pandemic Development

Five complete genome sequences of Vibrio parahaemolyticus strains, FDA_R31, CDC_K4557, UCM-V493, BB22OP& RIMD 2210633 were available in the database, and RIMD 2210633 was the first published and well documented pandemic strain. We performed the comparative study of these genome sequences and their genomic level development from environmental as well as non-pandemic to the pandemic character of this bacterium. The non-pandemic genomes of V. parahaemolyticus use a freedom of Genomic DNA-Segmental arrangement and pandemic genome is rather distinct and fixed. Major pandemic development may happen even in environment with change of essentialities. Thermostable hemolysin or thermostable hemolysin delta-VPH gene for chromosome-1 and thermolabile hemolysin or lecithin-dependent hemolysin (LDH) gene for chromosome-2 is global in V. parahaemolyticus genomes. The nucleotide sequences and genetic sequences of chromosome-1s are rather conserved against that of the chromosome-2s whose are more sensitive to pandemic development. Among the five full genomes, UCM-V493 strain beholds a midterm position in the series of development. The classified genes of hemolysins and other pathogen related genes clearly divided these five strains in two, one of FDA_R31& CDC_K4557 strains and second of UCM-V493, BB220P& RIMD 2210633 strains. The genome of FDA_R31 strain is the ancestral, holding total 39 transposase genes that showed more susceptibility to receive foreign genetic element. The genomes of environmental BB220P (1980) and pandemic RIMD 2210633 strains are almost similar that proves that the pandemic development happened in an environment and long before 1995 also. Chrmosome-2s of two stool isolated genomes of non-pandemic FDA_R31 and pandemic RIMD 2210633 strains carried toxin-location of very different genomic character and arrangement. The toxin location of chromosome-2 of FDA_R31 strain is in very special feature with 7-ureage gene cassette and three hemolysin genes, without trh gene that may be an intermediate development of this pathogen. This study revealed that even in the environment, V. parahaemolyticus have a sequential development towards pandemic form in genome sequence level of two chromosomes, whereas chromosome-2 is more responsible towards a confined pandemic arrangement, especially, in toxins and other pathogenic genes of toxin location.