Mangrove Preservation Policy Recommendations Based on Women's Role in Bahowo Environment, Bunaken, Manado, North Sulawesi Province

The city of Manado, North Sulawesi Province, especially in the Bahowo Neighborhood, Tongkaina Sub-District, Bunaken Sub-District, resides in coastal communities which predominantly work as small or traditional fishermen and are categorized into poor communities, but coastal areas in the Bahowo Environment are well maintained, especially mangrove forests. This is inseparable from the role of women living in the neighborhood. Therefore gender issues are important in developing efforts that support equality between men and women. Women's participation is not only demanding equality but also expressing its role in development. The purpose of this study is to formulate recommendations for mangrove conservation policies from the aspects of women's responsible human behavior. This study used qualitative research methods. The study was conducted in the Bahowo Environment in Tongkaina Sub-District, Bunaken District, Manado City. Respondents were determined using a key person, because the researcher wanted to obtain initial information about the respondent and then use the snowball sampling, so that eventually the researcher could conduct observations and interviews with the research subjects (coastal women). Data collection techniques were carried out by in-depth interviews, observations, FGD and life histoty methods and documentation. To answer the objectives of the research, gender analysis was carried out, namely Harvard analysis and Gender Analysis Pathway (GAP). The formulation of recommendations for mangrove conservation policies from the aspects of the human resource behavior of women responsible is 1) Carry out awareness raising awareness of gender roles for all groups, with the fact that women have the same responsibilities as men in mangrove conservation, 2) Formation of Forest Farmer Women Groups (KWTH) with a participatory approach and conducting training and counseling for KWTH by promoting gender responsive mangrove conservation programs, 3) Conducting socialization on the equality of roles of women and men in productive aspects (mangrove conservation) to the government and the community, 4) Conducting workshops preparation of programs and management activities that are gender responsive mangrove ecosystems.