Association of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome with Metabolic Syndrome and Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Objective: the aim of this study was to determine if there is an association between metabolic syndrome and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS). Setting: This study was done in a private Clinic and a private Pathology Lab in district Shivpuri (M. P. ) Method: This is a retrospective study of 33 obese PCOS patients with mean BMI 33.39 kg/m2 from 1st January 2013 to 31st December 2018. Clinical history, height, weight, BP, WC and different laboratory values like AST, ALT, AST: ALT ratio, lipid profile values, fasting glucose, fasting insulin and OGTT 2 hr glucose and other were obtain to diagnose the metabolic syndrome and NAFLD. Fatty liver was diagnosed by abdominal ultrasound following exclusion of alcohol consumption, viral, or autoimmune liver disease. Results: Thirty three PCOS patients (mean body mass index [BMI]: 33.39 kg/m2) were included.26 (78.78 %) of 33 PCOS patients had NAFLD, the presence of NAFLD was associated with greater body mass index (BMI), lower fasting high density lipoprotein (HDL) and greater prevalence of impaired fasting glucose and impaired glucose tolerance. Metabolic syndrome was found in 23 (69.69 %) of 33 PCOS patients and both metabolic syndrome and NAFLD was found in 24 (72.72 %) patients.18 (69.23 %) of the 26 NAFLD patients also had abnormal Alanine aminotransferase. Conclusion: The prevalence of metabolic syndrome was also high in obese PCOS patients. Excess weight may lead to insulin resistance, which in turn may play a part in the development of NAFLD disease. Both NAFLD and metabolic syndrome were frequent in patients with PCOS confirming a relevant clinical association between these three conditions.