Role of Serum gamma-Glutamyl Transpeptidase (GGT) Level as a Marker for the Detection of Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus

Introduction: Diabetes Mellitus is one of the World�s leading public-health problems. It is a metabolic disorder resulting either from deficiency of insulin or resistance to its action. GGT might reflect metabolic disorder and could serve as a marker for insulin resistance syndrome. Emerging evidence suggests that GGT is a predictor of incident diabetes. Raised serum GGT activity observed in diabetic patients may be in response to oxidative stress that occurs during the course of the disease. Thus, this study will be performed to examine whether GGT, an oxidative stress marker is useful marker for the detection of diabetic patients i. e. , DM type2. Materials& Methods: A total of 50 individuals were selected out of which 25 each included adults individuals suffered from DM type2& normal adults. Glucose Oxidase- Peroxidase Method and Fluoroscence Immunoassay meter methods applied for the determination of DM type 2 and HbA1C of the respectively. Also, Carboxy substrate Kinetic method used for the estimation of GGT in DM type 2 patients. All the above mentions methods were significant for the estimation of both DM type2 and GGT. Result: The study showed a significant increase in HbA1C levels in the study group when compared to control group. Also, the level of GGT increased in the case of DM type2 patients as compared with that of control group. Serum GGT, a marker of oxidative stress plays a central role in glutathione homeostasis. High levels of GGT are associated with insulin resistance and also involved in the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Conclusion: Study suggested the level of Fasting Blood Sugar, Post Prandial Blood Sugar, HbA1C increased in the DM type2 patients and the serum level of those individuals having high level of GGT as compared with that of normal persons. Hence, GGT which is a marker of Oxidative stress also raised in case of DM type2.