The Clinico-Radiologic Profile and Outcome of Traumatic Brain Injury in Paediatric Patients

Aim of this study was to evaluate the clinico-radiologic profile and outcome of Traumatic Brain injury (TBI) in Pediatric patients. In this prospective study 54 paediatric patients ( age less than 13 years) from January 2015 to December 2015 with TBI were studied. Clinico-radiological, treatment and outcome data were recorded. In our study, TBI predominant in male with age group of 1-3 years. Loss of consciousness and vomiting ( 42.60 %) were the leading symptoms. At the time of admission 55.55 % patients presented without any focal deficit or seizures and 44.45 % patients presented with focal deficit in which hemiparesis (11.11 %) most common followed by quadriplegia (7.40 %). Patient (50 %) with mild TBI stage and Glasgow coma scale (GCS) 13-15 having less hospital stay and mostly discharge without any deficit (P=0.002). Remaining moderate ( 27.77 %) and severe (22.23 %) TBI stage patients were discharged with deficit. Patient with abnormal CT head (61.11 %) needed significantly more hospital stay (P=0.0029) and had low GCS (P=0.001) compared to patient with normal CT head (38.89 %). Most patients (31.89 %) treated symptomatically, 12.96 % with anticonvulsants and those with GCS 8 shifted to ICU and supported with mechanical ventilation (7.40 %). At the time of discharge 74.07 % patient had no deficit. Patient with GCS 9-12 having maximum number of hospital stay and half of patients were discharged with some form of deficit. Above results indicates that patients with abnormal CT scan and focal deficit at the time of admission need more hospital stay. Patients with low GCS and severe TBI stage are mostly discharge with focal deficit or seizures. There was no significant correlation between time to start physiotherapy and outcome on discharge and hospital stay.