Comparison Astigmatism Before and after Phacoemulsification with Superior Versus Temporal Corneal Incision of Senile Cataract

Introduction One of the assessment of the success of cataract surgery is from the low case of surgically induced astigmatism (SIA) post surgery. Incision distance from the optic centre cornea, suturing, incision type, length and location are things that caused surgically induced astigmatism. Purpose To evaluate astigmatism before and after phacoemulsification with superior versus temporal corneal incision of senile cataract. Methods This is a prospective analitic longitudinal study with randomized double blind controlled trial sampling. Subjects 42 eyes divided to 2 group, first group done superior incision and second group done temporal incision. All patients examined with autorefractokeratometry before and after 1st day, 7th day and 30th day post surgery. Operation done by one operator with same width incision, examination tool and phacoemulsification machine. Results There were no significant differences in keratometry value before operation between 7th day and 30th day after phacoemulsification with superior and temporal corneal incision. The research shows that superior corneal incision decrease the cylindrical value than the temporal incision on 30th day after phacoemulsification. A significant differences were not found in types of astigmatism before and after phacoemulsification with superior and temporal corneal incision. From Chi-Square trial, it can be concluded that there were significant changes statistically in astigmatism after phacoemulsification with superior and temporal corneal incision (p=0, 03). Conclusion There were no significant changes in types of astigmatism before and after phacoemulsification either by superior or temporal corneal incision.