Intelligent Heart Rate Controller using Fractional Order PID Controller Tuned by Particle Swarm Optimization for Pacemaker

Every heart patient needs to regulate heart rate efficiently and robustly for providing life saving activity to their heart in a dynamic atmosphere. Several controller design came like proportional Integral derivative (PID) and Fuzzy Logic Controllers (FLC), but each of them were having some restrictions against the dynamic environment of the heart rate. Fractional order controllers that are defined by fractional order differential equation which provide the fine tuning of the control parameter to achieve the desired robustness and efficiency. In this work an efficient and robust fractional order PID controller is designed based on Particle swarm optimization tuning method. The stable FOPID controller overcome PID controllers with different tuning method including Fuzzy Logic Control in term of rise time, Percent, overshoot and settling time. The FOPID controller designed in this work is limited by tuning of different parameters like KP, KD, KI, ,. More efficient design can be obtained by using different optimization techniques such as particle swarm optimization intelligence or genetic algorithm tuning method which can offer an optimal control to cardiac pacemaker.