Study of Pattern of Coronary Artery Dominance by Angiographic Method in Chennai

BACKGROUND AND AIMS Coronary artery disease is the major cause of death in developing and devloped countries. The aim of this study was to use coronary angiography method to determine coronary artery dominance and to correlate it with the extent of Coronary Artery Disease. METHODOLOGY A six-month prospective observational study of 880 patients (from Nov 2017 to Apr 2018) of both sex of age 18 years or more, eligible for coronary angiography for diagnostic purpose, were included in this study. Patients with valvular and congenital heart disease were excluded. The socio-demographic profile of patients, pattern of coronary artery dominance and its association with CAD were all recorded on a proforma and data were subjected to statistical analysis. RESULTS A total of 880 patients, 66.82 % (n=588) were male and 33.18 % (n=292) were female. The mean age was 59.1111.61 years. The age range was 34-81 years. There was no in-hospital mortality.85.5 % were right coronary artery dominant, 10 % were left dominant and co-dominant in 4.5 % of the population studied.68.18 % of left dominant and 42.02 % of right dominant patients had abnormal ECG (due to ST-T changes). The chance of having coronary artery disease with abnormal ECG (due to ST-T changes) compared to normal ECG is 24 times more in left dominant and 3.875 times more in right dominant. CONCLUSION The right coronary dominant pattern is more prevalent in our population. Association of age and sex with coronary dominance is not significant. The Left coronary dominant pattern is more associated with the presence of coronary artery diseases.