Effects on the Selected Herbal Plant Syzygium Aromaticum Flower Buds Oil of Immunomodulatory Activity in Albino Wistar Rats

The effect of Syzygium aromaticum flower buds oil were evaluated for immunomodulatory activity in in vivo studies, using rats as the animal model. Cyclophosphamide given for the VII group showed a very weak response, because of its immunosuppressive nature. The essential oils were tested for hypersensitivity and hemagglutination reactions, using sheep red blood cells (SRBC) as the antigen while sodium carboxy methyl cellulose (SCMC) served as the control in all the tests. Orally administrated essential oils showed a significant increase of test parameters, viz. , haemagglutinating antibody titre (HAT) and delayed type hypersensitivity (DTH) response. In rats immunized with sheep RBC, essential oils enhanced the humoral antibody response to the antigen and significantly potentiated the cellular immunity by facilitating the foot pad thickness response to sheep RBC in sensitized rats with these differences dose II 50-800 VI were statistically significant. Myelosuppression is a decrease in the production of blood cells. Cyclophosphamide is a most potent cytotoxic and immunosuppressive agent which act at various levels on cells involved in defense mechanism against various invaders by inhibiting both cell mediated and humoral immunity. It also causes dose dependant bone marrow suppression means it significantly decreases the Hemoglobin, Erythrocyte and Leukocyte count. Cyclophosphamide treatment for the period of 3 days showed reduction in Hemoglobin Erythrocyte and Leukocyte count there by exerted immunosuppressant effect when compared to control animals.