Mitigation of Soil Salinity Stress by Salt-Tolerant Rhizobacteria and Saccharomycescerevisiae in Wheat (Triticum aestivum)

In the current study, A. chroococcum NRRL B-14346 and A. lipoferum showed grow well at 2.5 % NaCl. Whereas, only A. lipoferum has growth at 3 % NaCl. A. chroococcum NRRL B-14346 isolates could tolerate 9.5 % NaCl. Our results proved that A. chroococcum NRRL B-14346 and A. lipoferum adapted to 1 % increase in NaCl with a successful adaptation to higher concentration of NaCl. Only Azto4 and Azos9 were unstable after 60 days to a higher concentration of NaCl reached. All adapted isolates were further characterized for indole acetic acid production and nitrogenase production under 5 % NaCl concentration. Inoculation of adapted isolates with S. cerevisiae caused the significant increase in growth and yield parameters and chlorophyll concentration in both seasons. Inoculation of Azos6 with S. Cerevisiae recorded the maximum increase in 1, 000-grain weight relative to the uninoculated control during two seasons. Co-inoculant A. lipoferum + S. cerevisiae recorded a significant increase in nitrogen concentration in leaves than uninoculated plants with 100 % N fertilizers in both seasons under soil salinity stress. Co-inoculant A. lipoferum + S. cerevisiae and Azto4+ S. cerevisiae resulted in the highest increase of protein as leaves then the uninoculated control with 100 % N fertilizers in both seasons at 60 days. Plants inoculated with Azos6 and co-inoculation Azos6+ S. cerevisiae had higher protein contents in seeds than uninoculated plants, uninoculated plants with 50 % and 100 % N in both seasons at 130 days.