Design and Optimization of Crankshaft in Multiaxle Vehicle

The globalization and economic reforms have drastically changed world economy in the last few years. The main emphasis is on product quality, faster design, development, and cheaper product. At the same time, for optimal use of these technologies, one has to converge them in a better way. To sustain in the competitive market, industries have to acquire new skills and knowledge to offer world-class products. Automobile Industry has profited a lot with the development of CAD/CAM technologies, from engine performance to aesthetic appeal. The lead time to manufacture automobiles has drastically reduced in the recent times, because of advancements in Computer Integrated Manufacturing. Design of Internal Combustion (IC) Engine parts plays a crucial role in improving the functioning of an automobile. Many advance concepts have been involved for cylinder head, connecting rod, crankshaft, piston and carburetor. Fuel injection pump and other engine components. specially redesign of Crankshaft is carried out to get enough strength to resist the gas pressure and to have the better thermal stability. Also one of new researches are undergoing on to select an alternate material to face up with the existing load cases, to get higher compression ratio, to reduce the inertia forces to increase the speed of the vehicle (by reducing the weight of the reciprocating masses). The modal analysis of a 4-cylinder crankshaft is discussed using finite element method in this paper. The analysis is done on two different materials AISI-4140 alloy steel (EN 19C) and ASTM A536 100-70-03 (GGG7O) which are based on their composition. Three dimensional models of diesel engine crankshaft was created using Catia v 5 software. The finite element analysis (FEM) software ANSYS was used to analyze the static and dynamic modal of the crankshaft later. The maximum stress parts and dangerous areas are found by the deformation analysis of crankshaft. The results will provide a valuable theoretical foundation for the optimization and improvement of engine design especially on engine parts like crankshaft.