The Dynamics and Characteristics of Water and Groundwater in Basrah Governorate and its Health Effects

The study examined the properties of well water and drinking water And domestic use in the Basrah governorate, and The studytargeted to identify the chemical, physical and biological properties of water in Basra Governorate, As well as an assessment of the procedures involved in the transfer of diverted water used for drinking, also identifiedOn the means of storing household drinking water in the governorate. The study was based on laboratory tests at the University of Basrah and reports from the Health General Laboratory in the Ministry of Health, and the Directorate of Water Basrah in the analysis. and study of the characteristics of some water Wells in the western Basrah governorate, which amounted to 4 wells working. In addition, 100 samples of household drinking water were collected in Basra governorate. In the study area, the sample was divided by the number of dwellings in that area.100 questionnaires were distributed to the sample. The study found that the quality of groundwater is generally good in Basrah governorate in terms of concentration of some elements (total hardness TH, Magnesium Mg, Calcium Ca, Potassium K) where it was found to be within the standard specificationsWhich were authorized by the WHO and the Iraqi Ministry of Health, and that the values of another elements like Electrical conductivity E. C, solid TDS, NO3, Cl, Na do not matchWith WHO standards and Iraqi standards for water quality. The study showed that the Ca element of drinking water was dose does not conform to the WHO criteria and Iraqi water quality standards, followed by the K element (18 %) and nitrate (15 %). These elements have been removed from diverted drinking water are important elements of the human health, due to the high efficiency of desalination plants, as well as chemical analysis elements (C. E, TDS, Cl, TH, Na, Mg) Are within the international standard WHO and the Iraqi standard. The study recommended not buying water from horse-drawn vehicles, and taking care to periodically clean tanks And regular, And the need to change the internal caliber of the household filter, and for microbiological contamination (Organic) In domestic drinking water: Municipality, purchase, home filter, special purchase, The study indicated a high percentage of microbiological contamination with total coliform bacteria (TC) Coliform and hyperthyroidism (FC) Which exceeded WHO standards. The study showed a relationship between water pollution and total coliform bacteria and the feaced bacteria and the water, storage tool, and the cleaning period of the tank.