Epidemiological Spectrum of Acute Kidney Injury: A Retrospective Study from Tertiary Health Center

Introduction - Acute kidney injury (AKI) represents renal manifestation of either local or systemic disease. Causal spectrum changes from place to place because of multiple factors like environment, socioeconomic status. It is responsible for morbidity and mortality of hospitalised patients. Methods - It was a retrospective study done at FMMC, Mangalore on patients admitted with AKI at FMMC between June 2017 and December 2017 fulfilling inclusion criteria. It was a time bound study. Results - Out of the total 360 patients included in the study, 225 are male (62.5 %) and 135 are female (37.5 %). Mean age of the patients was found to be 56.31 17.88. Medical causes were found to be the source of acute kidney injury in 89.8 % of cases& non medical causes form 10.2 % of total cases. Out of the total cases sepsis remains the most common of acute kidney injury. Among medical causes, urinary tract infection remains the most common cause in this study. Conclusion - Sound knowledge of local causes of acute kidney injury is necessary to identify cases which can develop acute kidney injury. This study found sepsis as the most common cause of acute kidney injury. Early management of sepsis would help to treat acute kidney injury conservatively. Regular studies regarding local epidemiological spectrum of acute kidney injury are necessary to look for trend of diseases.