Moderating Influence of Pedestrian Attitude on the Relationship between Enforcement of Traffic Laws and Implementation of Pedestrian Safety Rules in the City of Kisumu

Implementation of pedestrian safety rules remains a challenge inKenyadespite enforcement of traffic laws put in place to address them. This study set out to establish the moderating influence of attitude of pedestrians on the relationship between enforcement of traffic laws and implementation of pedestrian safety rules in the City of Kisumu, Kenya with theobjectiveexamining the sameand hypothesis set at 0.05 level of significance. The study adopted the iRAPmodeland safe systems approach theory and applied mixed methods approach, pragmatism andEx Post Facto as the research design. The mixed methods approach applied both quantitative and qualitative data. A universe population of residents of the City of Kisumu, comprising of pedestrians and drivers on sampled urban roads were drawn. A sample size of 384 was used, using probability and non-probability sampling procedures. The data collection instruments included questionnaires, interview guide, observation checklist and document analysis. A pilot study was conducted on randomly selected urbanroads. Cronbach Alpha tested reliability of instruments. Quantitative data analysis using descriptive and inferential statistics and qualitative data analysis using content analysis was done. Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) for Windows version 20 was used. Statistical tools of analysis for descriptive statistics captured measures of central tendency such as arithmetic mean, standard deviation presented in tables in frequencies and percentages. Inferential statistics both parametric and non-parametric, tested hypothesis through Multiple Regression Analysis for association between two independent variables on a dependent variable. The study found that attitude of pedestrians moderated the relationship between enforcement of traffic laws and implementation at p=0.019, p