Pharmacognostic Study of Sorghum bicolor (L.)

Objective To study the preliminary characteristics and pharmacognostic of Euphorbia hirta Linn a ruderal plant, harvested in Ivory Coast. Methods The pharmacognostic study involved the performance of macroscopic and microscopic examinations of fresh and dried plant. The physico-chemical study involved the determination of moisture content, total ash, ashes sulfuric acid and hydrochloric acid insoluble ashes. Results The pharmacognostic study has revealed a small herb with finely toothed leaves, asymmetrical, arranged in pairs, opposite a red vinous stem. The inflorescence is composed of small yellowish flowers unisexual, solitary at each node. The fruits are small capsules hairy three valves. The anatomical and histological section of the limbus showed a protruding cylindrical midrib on the underside and slightly depressed on the other. Medullary parenchyma reduced with large polygonal cells and lower collenchyme are cellulosic. Sclerenchyma sheathing the driver device consists of fibrovascular bundle. Secondary and arranged in radial alignment are wood, having vessels with lignified walls and bast with small cells with cellulose walls. The stem, circular, presented a less developed bark, an epidermis, a collenchyme and parenchyma. The developed central cylinder consists of a main parenchyma are observed wherein a centrifugal primary wood, the primary centripetal bast and sclerenchyma in radial alignment around the cambium and the secondary wood. Conclusion pharmacognostic analysis and physico-chemical characteristics can help in the efficient use of this medicinal plant