GENDER PECULIARITIES OF METABOLIC SYNDROME AND ITS BASIC CRITERIA IN CHILDREN

Aim. To study gender peculiarities of metabolic syndrome and its diagnostic criteria in children. Methods. Out of a total of 1520 children, 90 children (41 girls and 49 boys) with metabolic syndrome aged from 9 to 18 years were selected; in the study group, anthropometry data, blood pressure, cholesterol, high density cholesterol, low density cholesterol, very low density cholesterol, nonhigh-density cholesterol, triglycerides, fasting glucose and insulin, index HOMA-IR tests were taken. Metabolic syndrome was diagnosed according to International Diabetic Federation ñonsensus (2007): abdomen obesity (waist circumference more than 90-th percentile), arterial hypertension (blood pressure ? 130/85 mm Hg), hyperglycemia (?5,6 mmol/l), hypertriglyceridemia (?1,7 mmol/l), high density cholesterol (?1,03 mmol/l and 1,29 mmol/l in girls over 16 years). Results. Gender determination of metabolic syndrome in children was not found (h=0,520). Abdomen obesity was diagnosed in all children with metabolic syndrome. In generally obese girls, abdomen obesity was diagnosed 1,8 times more often than in overweight girls; in generally obese boys, abdomen obesity was diagnosed 1,6 times more often than in overweight boys (p1=1,0; p2=1,0; respectively). Arterial hypertension in boys (61,2%) was diagnosed 1,1 times more often than in girls (53,7%; p=0,729). High blood insulin level was estimated in 20(57,6%) girls and 15(41,6%) boys; the difference amounted to 15,5% (p=0,536). Insulin resistance according to HOMA-IR was diagnosed 1,5 times more often in girls (48,5%) than in boys (33,3%; p=0,508). In boys, hyperglycemia was found 9% more frequently than in girls (p=0,419). Dyslipidemia with high level of triglycerides was diagnosed 1,6 times more often in boys (22,2%) than in girls (13,9%; p=0,572); dyslipidemia with decreased level of high density cholesterol was estimated equally in girls (36,1%), and in boys (32,6%;p=0,827). The most frequently diagnosed criteria in metabolic syndrome structure were (in descending order): in girls - abdomen obesity → hyperinsulinemia → arterial hypertension → insulin resistance → decreased level of blood high density cholesterol → hyperglycemia → high level of blood triglycerides; in boys - abdomen obesity → arterial hypertension → hyperinsulinemia → insulin resistance → decreased level of blood high density cholesterol → hyperglycemia → high level of blood triglycerides. Summary. Gender difference in metabolic syndrome frequency was not found. Gender peculiarities of metabolic syndrome structure were detected. Keywords: metabolic syndrome, diagnostic criteria, gender peculiarities