Design and Optimization of a Square Patch Antenna for Millimeter Wave Applications

Over the years, there has been significant changes from the early analog mobile generation (1G) to the last implemented third generation (3G) as well as rapidly growing 4G/LTE. The new mobile generations do not only seek to improve voice communication experience but also try to give users access to a new global communication reality. The aim is to make communication possible at all times and from all places. Spectrum scarcity as well as the need for high data rate and mobility has necessitated intense research on 5G systems recently. Presented in this paper is a simple but efficient design for a square-shaped single-port patch antenna that resonates around 28.3GHz, which falls within the anticipated 28GHz band for 5G applications. The antenna has a square patch of 1.8mm by 1.8mm on a Taconic RF-60 substrate with thickness of 0.64mm, dielectric constant of 6.15 and loss tangent of 0.028. The proposed antenna has a total substrate dimension of 6mm x 6mm. HFSS simulation results show that the antenna resonates at 28.3GHz with a bandwidth of 8.45 %, a return loss of -38.1dB at the resonant frequency and directional radiation pattern making it suitable for millimeter wave mobile applications.