A Review on Methods of Extraction of Various Kinds of Bio-Fuels

There is an imperative need to improve the existing biodiesel production methods from both economic and environmental viewpoints and to investigate alternative and innovative production processes. Biodiesel production is a very modern and technological area for researchers due to the relevance that it is winning everyday because of the increase in the petroleum price and the environmental advantages. Different studies have been carried out using different oils as raw material different alcohol (methanol, ethanol, propanol& butanol,). Due to the increase in the price of the petroleum and the environmental concerns about pollution coming from the car gases, biodiesel is becoming a developing area of high concern. One of the advantages of this fuel is that the raw materials used to produce it are natural and renewable. All these types of oils come from vegetables or animal fat, making it biodegradable and nontoxic. When used in spark ignition engines alcohols have the potential to reduce NOx, CO, HC and particulates. A test with E85 fueled Chevrolet Luminas showed that NMHC [3] went down by 20-22 %, NOx by 25-32 % and CO by 12-24 % compared to reformulated gasoline. [4] Toxic emissions of benzene and 1.3 Butadiene also decreased while aldehyde emissions increased (acetaldehyde in particular). Tailpipe emissions of CO2 also decrease due to the lower carbon-to-hydrogen ratio of these alcohols, and the improved engine efficiency.