Evaluating the Toxicity of Secondary Metabolites of Endophytic Bacteria from Jatropha Curcas L. to Suppress Meloidogyne spp. in Vitro

Endophytic bacteria isolated from internal tissue of surface sterilized jatropha curcas L. leaves, stem, frouts and roots. Collected from field plots produced secondary metabolites in nutrition broth media (NB) that were highly toxic to Meloidogyne spp. especially strains SJS54 followed by RJS175 were highly active among 23 strains producing secondary metabolite toxic to Root-knot nematodes. The mechanism of action of the toxic metabolites produced by the non-pathogenic strains SJS54 and RJS175 with proven biological control of Meloidogyne spp in Syracuse glass experiments was investigated. These metabolites reduced Meloidogyne spp mobility within 6-12 h of exposure. After 6 h, approximately 50 % of juveniles was inactivated. But with exposure of 12 h 80-90 % of the juveniles were dead. The SJS54 and RJS175 toxicity were highly effective towards migratory parasites. Most of nematodes have been shown body wall degradation caused by hydrolytic enzymes produced by endophytic bacteria, and the highest effect for body wall was caused by LJS69 and SJS54.