Supporting and Inhibiting Factor of the Management of Marine Conservation Area in Sulawesi

Marine Conservation Area Management is one of the tools of coastal and marine resource management that has become government policy by allocating some coastal and marine areas as a shelter for economically important fish to spawn and breed well. Analysis and study of supporting factors and obstacles to the management of marine conservation areas in Sulawesi as an effort to overcome the rate of resource degradation occurring in small islands by assessing the potential of resources owned and then analyzed so that the results can be presented in the form of program recommendations in the management and development sector Marine and fisheries in the Marine Conservation Area. This research was conducted in three locations of waters conservation area of Sulawesi island consist of Bunaken National Park of North Sulawesi Province, Kapoposang Marine Tourism Park South Sulawesi Province and Wakatobi National Park, Southeast Sulawesi Province. The study was conducted from February 2015 to January 2017. The selection of conservation areas as a research site is based on considerations, among others 1) the location is located in different egoregion located in Sulawesi waters area, 2) different conservation area management model, and 3) The presence of different traditional societies. Methods of data collection through structured interviews, fgd, and kusioner. Respondents selected in this study were conservation area managers, communities living in conservation areas, local governments, institutions with policy-splitting authority, and institutions with interests in conservation area management. The results show that the strategy of developing marine conservation areas in the three research sites has a big challenge because it is related to the regulation or the government regulation both national and local level. The regulation makes water conservation areas have positive and negative effects on their implementation. The existence of fishermen groups should be considered to supervise and maintain the area water conservation area. This is done to reduce negative activities that damage resources. Implementation of watershed conservation management that is not only in sustainable ecological conservation but also has a goal to increase income and welfare of surrounding communities. Infrastructure development makes the achievement of sustainable use of coastal and marine resources. Infrastructure should be regarded as one of the most important parts in the context of integrated coastal zone management.