Study of the Synoptic Analysis for Surface Potential Evaporation and Soil Moisture in Iraq

The Potential (Latent) Evaporation is one of the most important elements of the water budget as well as the energy balance because Potential Evaporation is important in practical applications such as agriculture and irrigation projects, and Soil Water Content (Soil Moisture) plays an important role in both global and regional Hydrological cycles. In This Search was study the synoptic analysis of the monthly average data for surface potential evaporation and surface soil moisture of eight different stations in Iraq (Mosul, Sulaymaniyah, Tikrit, Baghdad, Rutba, Kut, Nukhayib, Basrah) for 30 years (1985-2014) from NOAA. The data were processed using some statistical techniques such as simple linear regression and the Spearman Rho correlation coefficient. The results showed that there is an increase in the values of surface potential evaporation in hot months and a decrease in the cold months of the year and vice versa surface soil moisture values. An inverse relationship between surface potential evaporation and surface soil moisture. For the total annual surface potential evaporation was at Kut station and then Sulaymaniya station and the lowest value was in Mosul station and then Nukhayib station and the highest value of the total annual average of surface soil moisture was at Sulaymaniyah station and lowest value in the Nukhayib station.