Nosocomial Infections (NI) in Patients with Artificial Pulmonary Ventilation

Artificial pulmonary ventilation (APV) delivered in Intensive Care Units (ICU) is a major risk factor for the progress of Nosocomial infections (NI). Despite of the introduction of respirators with maximum physiological ventilation regimes, new medications and strict hygiene and sterility measures in the modern intensive care units, morbidity and mortality rates associated with Nosocomial infections remain high. The additional financial costs of the hospitals due to NI are considerably high. Objective The progress of Nosocomial infections in the Clinic for Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care at Alexandrovska University and Multispecialty Hospital for Active Treatment to be studied for a period of 5 years. Method 720 patients treated in the Clinic for Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care for the period 2010-2015 were prospectively studied.381 of them were mechanically ventilated and a prospective collection and processing of demographic, clinical, paraclinic, microbiological and epidemiological data was conducted. Results The allocation of patients was presented in terms of the duration of mechanical ventilation, type of surgical intervention (if performed), concomitant pathology, demographic characteristics, stay in ICU, types of NI, microbiological profile and invasive procedures performed. Conclusions The prevention of Nosocomial infections is multi-profile and multi-component one. Microbiological monitoring, strictly specified antibiotic therapy, treatment of concomitant diseases and local infectious control in ICU are of key importance.