Role of Endophyte in Plant Growth Promption

Intensive agriculture, which depends on unsustainable levels of agrochemical inputs, is environmentally harmful, and the expansion of these practices to meet future needs is not economically feasible. Other options should be considered to meet the global food security challenge. The plant microbiome has been linked to improved plant productivity. Endophytes are organisms that inhabit plant organs, and their infection is generally inconspicuous. Endophytes are the group of microorganisms that live inside host microenvironment, receive protection from environmental stresses, face lesser competition from other microbes and have greater access to nutrients (Dutta D, 2014). Endophytes are known to occupy the intercellular spaces of stems, petioles, roots and leaves of plants. They exert beneficial effects upon plants and enhance plant growth and yield either directly or indirectly via several mechanisms. . Bacterial and fungal endophytes are widespread inhabitants inside plant tissues and have been shown to assist plant growth and health. In this review we discuss the potential role of endophytes (Bacteria and Fungi) in plant growth promotion and other mechanism.