Osteocalcin Level and its Association with Vitamin D Receptor Gene Polymorphisms (TaqI and ApaI) in Iraqi Obese Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

In order to explore the association of serum 25- hydroxy vitamin D concentration and it is gene receptor polymorphisms with Osteocalcin state for Iraqi obese type 2 diabetes mellitus individuals. Genomic DNA was obtained from leucocytes by using a standard salting out process. The polymorphisms had been genotyped by PCR -RFLP technique by using certain primers. ELISA was used to evaluate Insulin and Osteocalcin along with other biochemical parameters concentration. A significant reduction in Osteocalcin concentration within obese type 2 diabetes mellitus Iraqi individuals in comparability with the healthy obese non diabetic control group. The reduction depends on a number of elements, like period of disease and age individuals, aside from that to BMI. Mean serum Osteocalcin proved excellent correlations with intact parathyroid hormone (PTH) (r= 0.471, P less than 0.01) in the entire public of all of type 2 diabetes mellitus Iraqi individuals. However mean serum Osteocalcin concentration was adversely correlated with serum high sensitivity C reactive protein (hs CRP) among the type 2 diabetes mellitus Iraqi cases (r = - 0.56, P less than 0.01) and with serum vitamin D concentration (r = - 0.52, P less than 0.01), weight (r = - 0.48, P less than 0.01), BMI (r = - 0.63, P less than 0.01) in the all public of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Elevated levels of mean serum hs- CRP as well as lesser vitamin D have been related to lesser serum Osteocalcin status. Serum Osteocalcin is positively connected with whole adiponectin levels, and atherosclerosis parameters in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus, suggesting that Osteocalcin is important for not only bone metabolism but also carbohydrate and lipid metabolism. In males, serum Osteocalcin negatively and significantly correlated with HbA1c, and FPG (P less than 0.05, P less than 0.001). In females, serum Osteocalcin levels negatively and significantly correlated with HbA1c and FPG (P less than 0.05 as well as P less than 0.001) and positively correlated with adiponectin (P less than 0.001). The genotype TT of VDR gene at TaqI position demonstrated a significant (P = 0.045) increased percentage frequency in type 2 diabetes mellitus individuals (50 percent) when compared with control (thirty six percent), while the distribution of Tt genotypes was twenty three % in-individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus in comparability to thirty % in healthy subject. Alternatively the distribution of tt genotypes was reduced (twenty three %) in individuals in comparability with thirty % within healthy subject.