Detection Disease of Sugarcane Streak Mosaic Virus (SCSMV) Via Serological Test on Sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.), Weed and Insect Vector

In Indonesian the research about Sugarcane Streak Mosaic Virus (SCSMV) still not widely practiced, especially in the field of serology as a virus detection. This research was conducted to detect the presence of SCSMV at sugarcane leaf samples healthy, and leaf samples symptomatic SCSMV, pest insect of sugarcane is suspected as a vector, and weeds as indicator plants using antisera rSCSMV-CP from India. The research was conducted on sugarcane cultivation at dry seasons in each experiments field and laboratory Indonesian Sugar Research Institute. Data obtained from antigens reaction were observed qualitatively by looking at the color of change from microtiter plate wells. The results of the analysis are expressed in the form of negative or positive infected SCSMV disease. Measurement of disease severity caused SCSMV calculated using formula KP (Disease Severity) and was calculated the number insect populations found on field. The result of ELISA using antisera rSCSMV-CP at leaf sample infected SCSMV tested positive with the color indicator on the microplate well is yellow, and at leaf healthy sample, insect tested and weeds found around sugarcane otherwise negatively with indicators of well microplate whiter and brighter color. The population density of C. lanigera Zehntner and S. sacchari Cockerell at 10 sugarcane varieties were observed at random in each experimental farm population average number ranged from 39, 5-116, 3 tail/leaf and 5-14 tail/rod with humidity of 55 % and temperature reaching 330C. Detection using ELISA method can be use for routine detection virus and can tested sample with large scale in a short time and cost of testing procedure is relatively cheaper, efficient, but has the drawback that it is based on the detection of viral coat protein antigenic properties while the basic techniques can be used to detect PCR to detect negative samples and was not detected in ELISA.