DEVELOPMENT AND IMPROVEMENT OF THE HEAT USING REFRIGERATING MACHINES

Heat-using refrigeration machines are a particular case of energy conversion systems working on the inverse thermodynamic cycles. The primary energy for such machines is thermal energy. The heat-using refrigeration machines can be divided into the three groups according to the so-called compensation process: (a) sorption (ab-sorption and ad-sorption) with thermochemical compression, (b) ejection with jet-compression, and (c) compression with mechanical compression/expansion. Development in the field of absorption refrigeration machines associates with using the water-ammonia mixture as a working fluid as well as with utilization of special schematics related to (a) rectification/dephlegmation processes and absorption process, and (b) absorption-compression machines that are most effective as low-temperature refrigeration machines and high-temperature heat pumps. Development in ejection machines goes to the direction of machines with (a) small refrigeration capacities, (b) using the natural working fluids, and (c) implementation of the renewable energy sources with different temperature levels. Development in compression heat-using refrigeration machines associates with (a) using carbon dioxide as a working fluid, (b) implementation of renewable energy sources, and (c) extended possibilities to use these machines within the tri-generation systems. Development and improvement in the field of the heat-using refrigeration machines and heat pumps are the result of long-term and successful theoretical and experimental research has been conducted in the chair “Refrigeration machines and installations” at Odessa National Academy of Food Technologies.