Phytochemical, Pharmacognostic and Physicochemical Evaluation of Endangered Terrestrial Orchid- Geodorum densiflorum (Lam.) Schltr

The present investigation deals with phytochemical, pharmacognostic and physicochemical evaluation of Geodorum densiflorum (Lam. ) Schltr leaves. The phytochemical evaluation revealed that the leaves contain alkaloid, glycoside, steroids, saponins, carbohydrates, tannin and flavonoids. The ethanol having higher extractive value, then acetic acid, petroleum ether and chloroform respectively. In macroscopic evaluation, organoleptic parameters were studied like color, odor and taste. Leaves powder having light green colour, characteristic odour and slightly bitter taste. In microscopic study, transverse section of leaf and stomatal type were studied under microscope. In physicochemical evaluations total ash, acid insoluble ash, water soluble extractive value, alcohol soluble extractive value, loss on drying and foam index were calculated. These evaluations will provide valuable information for the identification of crude drug.