Implementing a Web-based Routine Health Information System in Kenya: Factors Affecting Acceptance and Use

Use of computer-based systems to manage developing countries health information is expected to lead to improved efficiencies in healthcare delivery, yet there is evidence to suggest that such systems are not always readily accepted by the targeted users. Since 2010, Kenya has been in the process of implementing and scaling up the use of a web-based system (DHIS2) for managing the entire countrys routine health information. This descriptive qualitative study was undertaken to get a deeper understanding of factors considered as barriers or enablers to the successful scale up and use of DHIS2 in Kenya. A total of 25 key informant interviews were conducted using unstructured, in-depth and active interview approach. Subsequently the transcribed data was analyzed with the NVivo computer-assisted qualitative data analysis software (CAQDAS) to explore the themes and sub-themes represented in each interview. All interviewees appreciated that DHIS2 is a radical improvement on the previous systems implemented in the country. They recognized its capacity for improved dissemination of public health information through the public login option. Also appreciated was the fact that it is easy to undertake simple, customized data analysis in the system, which should encourage data use right from the lowest levels. The interviewees however pointed out the need to address the challenges of inadequate infrastructure, low computer proficiency, inadequate staffing capacities, lack of proactive leadership and information ownership at all levels, as well as the still unmet demand for better quality and complete health data.