Dispersion in Optical Fiber Communication

Optical fiber is one of the most important communication media in communication system. Due to its versatile nature and negligible transmission loss it is used in high speed data transmission. Dispersion in a single mode fiber is the bottleneck of long haul optical communication systems, which limits the bit rate and repeater-less distance. Chromatic dispersion (CD) of a single mode fiber (SMF) is an important aspect in a long-haul optical communication system. This paper provides a review of several published papers, white paper, and published articles in order to gain a complete picture about background of optical fiber. We discuss different types of fiber and its advantages. This paper also presents cause and effects of chromatic dispersion and describe different ways to measure it.