Management of Nosocomial Respiratory Infections

Purpose: Nosocomial Pneumonia is the infection of the lower respiratory tract that occurs during or after hospitalization of patients who did not have the incubation stage of infection on admission to hospital. Nosocomial pneumonia is the leading cause of mortality due to hospital acquired infections. In this study, we aimed to determine and manage nosocomial pneumonia in intensive care unit in the University Hospital Centre Mother Teresa, Tirana. Methods: In this study included 480 patients aged (65 30) hospitalized in intensive care unit during March 2014 - October 2014. Results: In this study included 480 patients of which 18 patients resulted nozocomiale respiratory infections, 11 patients resulted nozocomiale urinary infections, 13 patients resulted in nozocomiale surgical infections and 6 patients resulted nozocomiale blood infections. All patients were examined clinically. In total there have been these tests: 18 % blood cultures, 6.5 % wound drainage, 30 % intubation tubes, 22 % aspiration tubes, 26.8 % crop throat secretions and 30 % uroculture. Data were collected from patients who have had fever 48 hours after admission to intensive care. The overall percentage of nosocomial respiratory infection was 37 % in comparison with other nosocomial infections. Percentage of nosocomial infection was higher among males (63 %) than in females (37 %). The average age of these patients with surgical infections nosocomiale was (65 30) years and a major cause of these infections was Pseudomonas Aeruginoza in 27 % of cases. Conclusions: Nosocomial pneumonia is common in patients admitted to the intensive care unit of the University Hospital Center Central. The main recommendations should be given on diagnostic strategies, testing, antibiotic selection and duration of treatment. We also need to collect data on how the prevention of hospital infections in general and in particular nosocomial pneumonia.