Interferon Level as Biomarker in Oral Surgery

Introduction During the oral surgical operation, the traumal noxa cause a number of different local and system alterations to the host. The initial response is characterized by rapid production and release of various endogenous mediators. Objective In accordance with modern scientific research trends, the following objectives of this work have been formulated determining the serum levels of IFN- and IFN- in the peri-operative period, as well as the correlation between the serum levels of IFN and sex and age, possible traumatic damage, time interval of the intervention and the possible objective clinical complications throughout the post-operative period. Material and method The research was conducted over forty patients at the Clinic of Oral Surgery at the Faculty of Stomatology who had an indication of oral surgical intervention. According to the type of operation, two groups of twenty patients were formed. Namely, patients diagnosed with impaction and patients who had oral surgical intervention on soft tissue. The serum levels of the IFN- and IFN- were registered before the surgical intervention, 24 hours after it, and on the seventh day after it, which enabled the formation of a complete image of the individual immune system activity. The ELISA method and the device Medgenix Dianostics, Belgium were used for determining the concentration of the INF- and. Results and discussion Post-operative values of the examined groups showed statistically important increase concerning both groups, only that in the first group of patients, patients with impactions, the increase of post-operative values of the examined parameters is greater. With regard to the differences between the groups, there is a statistically significant difference in the examined parameter IFN-. The duration of the intervention, its complexity, the degree of surgical trauma, the body temperature, as well as the local post-operative complication, are more notable in the first group of patients. In addition, our study provided data that show medium strong statistically relevant correlation between the duration of the surgical intervention and the changes in the serum levels of INF-. In the group of patients with impaction, the subjects differ only with respect to the number of the osteotomirated surfaces which has discrete impact on the analyzed system parameters (weak correlation). The organism manages to keep locally the locally produced mediators (to keep them locally according to Bone). This is a good result of the post-operative course of the examined specimen. There is a medium strong significant negative correlation between the pre-operative values of IFN- and the manifestation of post-operative trismus. Conclusion The surgical intervention causes an immune and acute phase response, aseptic inflammatory reaction which universally accompanies all kinds of trauma. The rapid post operative increase of the levels of IFN demonstrated and proved high sensitivity which is a reason for emphasizing their responsibility in the systematic immunological response of the organism and it is suitable indicator of tissue trauma.