Life form Composition and Biological Spectrum of Ramnagar Wildlife Sanctuary, J & K, India

The present study has been carried out to understand the life form composition and Biological spectrum of Ramnagar Wildlife Sanctuary, Jammu and Kashmir. A total of 259 tracheophytes have been listed and grouped into various life-form classes. Therophytes (34.36 %), Macrophaneophytes (23.16 %), Nanophanerophytes (11.58 %) and Chamaephytes (10.81 %) are the major life-form classes present in the area. Hemicryptophytes (8.88), Lianas (8.11 %), Cryptophytes (2.31 %) and Epiphytes (0.77 %) were observed to have low occurrence. The biological spectrum of the area was prepared and compared to Raunkiaers Normal biological spectrum as well the spectra of the adjacent regions. Phytoclimate of the area was determined as Thero-phanerophytic, as per the Raunkiaers terminology, with the preponderance of therophytes and phanerophytes. The study reflects the impact of various biotic factors on overall vegetation structure and composition of the area.