Habitat Based Micro-ecological Analysis of Urban Space in Mountain Environment with Special Reference to Woodland and Grassland Habitat-An Appraisal of the Gangtok Town, India

Urban habitats differ from those of other terrestrial eco system in two respects. Firstly a massive energy flow is found in form of fossil fuel consumption and secondly huge volume of verity of material are generated from long distance are concentrated, transform, consume and turned into wastes to be disposed within the limit of urban area. Urban habitats are those habitats which are confined within town or city. Urban habitats are acts as Habitat Island in respect to the surrounding area. Development of towns and cities destroyed or engulfed the rural landscape and newly modified or isolated urban habitats are created. Sometime these habitats are found as a remnant habitat. Urban landscape are dominated by different types of development like buildings, transport links, disposal sites etc. Urban areas are usually in lack of extensive green space which has been fulfilled by parks in many cases. Urban area is not static but constantly expanding towards its periphery and internal renewal. This urban dynamism influenced the development of urban habitat. Urban habitats are the house of many bird species, large and less tolerant mammals, fungi species are found, especially in woodlands, cemeteries and along railway (Thomas, 1992). The study focused on habitat characterization at micro-level and extent of urban signature over the habitat. The study carried out based on the field observation and data accumulation. Along with these, Google imagery also used for mapping in GIS platform.