Power Flow Problem Reduced Using Unified Power Flow Controller

Modern power systems are designed to operate efficiently to supply power on demand to various load centers with high reliability. The generating stations are often located at distant locations for economic, environmental and safety reasons. Power flow analysis is concerned with describing the operating state of an entire power system, by which we mean a network of generators, transmission lines, and loads that could represent an area as small as a municipality or as large as several states. Given certain known quantitiestypically, the amount of power generated and consumed at different locationspower flow analysis allows one to determine other quantities. The most important of these quantities are the voltages at locations throughout the transmission system, which, for alternating current (A. C. ), consist of both a magnitude and a time element or phase angle. Once the voltages are known, the currents flowing through every transmission link can be easily calculated. Now-a-days the Flexible AC Transmission Systems (FACTS) is very popular and essential device in power systems. After introducing the FACTS technology, power flow along the transmission lines becomes more flexible and controllable. Many FACTS-devices have been introduced for various applications in power system.