Cultivation of Jatropha Curcas L. for Energy Purposes in Kibwezi, Shimba Hills and Bondo, Kenya

In most developing countries, plants remain the major source of energy especially in rural areas, although oil has assumed an importance as a source of energy for transport. The alternative solar, wind and geothermal energy sources can be significant but cannot provide liquid fuel. J. curcas has been identified as a way to meet the populations increasing energy needs. J. curcas, also known as physic nut is a multipurpose and drought resistant tree that can be used in the production of bio-fuels, potentially reduce carbon dioxide emissions and make a country more self-reliant in its food needs. The seeds can be pressed to obtain oil, leaving a seedcake rich in nitrogen that can in turn be used as fertilizer. The seed oil can be used for soap production, as an insecticide or for medicinal purposes, animal feed or to produce biogas (Heller, 1996). The tree can be grown in a number of climatic zones in tropical and sub-tropical regions of the world, areas of low rainfall and poor soils as it is in the case of Kibwezi, Shimba Hills and Bondo. Its production could therefore, be an income generating opportunity for rural dwellers. As much as this could provide income to rural communities, the potential impact of the crop on the environment has to be considered. The plant can be used to reclaim waste lands and can be grown in many parts of Kenya. Cultivating J. curcas therefore, is an eco-friendly way of growing cash and energy. The aim of this study was to assess the cultivation of J. curcas for energy purposes in Kibwezi, Shimba Hills and Bondo, Kenya. Data collection was by the use of structured questionnaires and observation schedules. Results show that farmers in Kibwezi, Shimba Hills and Bondo cultivated J. curcas for energy needs at household level.