Placental Glucose Transporter Opportunities to Improve Prognosis Preeclampsia Fetal Outcome in the Future

Preeclampsia is a complication that relatively common in obstetric. For these circumstances, preeclampsia become one of the three leading causes of maternal mortality. It also increasing mortality and morbidity of the neonatal, especially growth restriction and prematurity. Glucose is the main nutrient for growth and plays an important role to provide energy needs of the fetus. Glucose is an essential nutrient that transferred from mother to the fetus. Process of trophoblast invasion to spiral arteries are not perfect, resulting high vascular resistance and reduced blood flow to the placenta. Results of end pathological process, the placenta undergo to hypoxia condition. Inadequate of blood flow due to vasoconstriction leads to reduced glucose transporter protein. Glucose may affect the transfer of proteins and fats and micronutrients due to the transfer process is active and requires glucose as an energy source. Preeclampsia causes hypoxia in the placental cells and lead to decreased production of glucose transporters in particular and other nutrient transporters generally and potentially caused growth restricted. If the pregnancy continues reaching to full term, the neonatal outcome can be low birth weight, and in long term possibility of suffering metabolic syndrome including hypertension and diabetes in adulthood.