Entrepreneurship and Human Development: Comparative Analysis for a Challenge to Growth

Entrepreneurship refers to ascending roles within the business work (Veciana, 2005), even referred to as business capital (Audretsch and Keilbach, 2004, Audretsch, 2007). The purpose of the study was to determine the impact of entrepreneurship, analyzed from Total Entrepreneurial Activity Index-TEA on the Education Development Index EDI and in turn the effect on development and economic growth of a country seen from the Gross Domestic Product (GDP), Gini coefficient and Human Development Index (HDI), which in combination indicators fail to determine the origin of their development and growth. The study design was through document analysis with a comparative qualitative approach, indicators were taken over a period of five years, between 2009-2013, to observe the effect of entrepreneurship into two groups of countries based on the analysis of covariance, by SPSS. It is supported theoretically by using the capabilities approach, which was pioneered by Amartya Sen. The results reported that the Total Entrepreneurial Activity (TEA) has a positive effect on GDP and the GINI, and experience a reverse effect on the EDI and HDI. The largest positive effect on GDP and GINI on TEA is seen in the group of developing countries. It concludes that it is necessary to review public policies and programs of entrepreneurship so that impact on the GDP and the distribution of wealth in Latin America.