Allergy to Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (Der p1) and Dermatophagoides farina (Der f1) in Patients with Atopic Asthma

BACKGROUND House dust mites (HDMs) are important sources of indoor allergens. The prevalence of sensitization to HDM in atopic patients is around 70 % to 90 % worldwide. OBJECTIVE Our aim was to measure the specific IgE to components of Der p1and Der f1 in asthmatic patients at Qena Governorate, Egypt. METHODS We performed a prospective evaluation of 48 HDM sensitized asthmatic patients with positive skin prick test to Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (Der p) and Dermatophagoides farina (Der f). Patients underwent Immuno CAP for specific IgE to Der p 1, Der f 1. RESULTS Skin prick test were done to 132 patients asthma with attending to Qena University Hosptal to Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (Der p) and Dermatophagoides farina (Der f) and other allergenic components, also skin prick test were done to 38 healthy people as a control group. Skin prick test were positive in 48 patients (36.36 %) (P value is less than 0.015). Forty- eight asthmatic patients had detectable serum specific IgE to Der p 1 and Der f 1 by ImmunoCAP assay. There was a significant positive correlation between skin prick test and specific IgE to Der p1 and Der f1 (P value is 0.000). According to sex there was a highly correlation among sensitivity to Der p1 and Der f1 in both males and females (P value is 0.000), also there were a highly significant relation among sensitivity to Der p1 and Der f1 (P value is 0.000) and residence (rural r urban) of the studied patients. CONCLUSION Sensitization to HDM especially Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (Der p) and Dermatophagoides farinae (Der f) is similar to previous studies. Determination of Der p 1 and Der f1 specific IgE helps in obtaining additional information in regards to atopic asthma and other allergic diseases.