Iraqi University EFL Learners? Acceptance of Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) and Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use Technology (UTAUT) E-learning Models

Recent advancement in technology not only has facilitated the learning process but also increased the access to new and modern tools of electronic learning (E-learning). However, studies in this field are focused mainly on the attitudes of teachers and the different levels of required software and hardware. Therefore, this study aims to determine the factors that may influence the acceptance of E-learning by English foreign language (EFL) students in Iraq, as well as to identify the kinds of barriers associated with E-learning. Building on the literature on technology acceptance model and unified theory of acceptance and use of technology, this study incorporated the perceived ease of use, perceived usefulness, Information Technology IT knowledge, perceived playfulness, and facilitating conditions as independent variables. Data of the study were collected using a questionnaire which was distributed to 91 respondents. The findings indicated that the perceived ease of use, perceived usefulness, IT knowledge, and perceived playfulness significantly influenced the attitude of Iraqi EFL learners to use E-learning. These were followed by attitude to use E-learning and its facilitating condition influence user behavior while technical infrastructure, lack of training and motivation were the main barriers to E-learning use.