Risk Stratification and Clinical Profile of Newly Detected Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Rural India

Aim of the study is to risk stratify and assess the clinical profile of newly detected type 2 DM in rural India. Introduction The determinants of the epidemic are the rapid epidemiological transition associated with changes in dietary patterns and decreased physical activity. A wide range of factors are contributing, amongst which diet and lifestyles are biggest culprit in the case of DM in addition to the genetic factors. Two important determinants are genetic background and obesity. Other major risk factors are physical inactivity and insulin resistance. Rural areas which have undergone socio-economic transition in the last two decades show nearly a threefold increase in the prevalence of diabetes. Results Among 50 patients attending the study, the major age group is between 40 and 50. The mean age of onset of diabetes is 49.2. Male to female ratio is 32Most patients are illiterate and have farming as occupation and majority are Hindus.23 patients have first degree relatives with diabetes and 4 patients have diabetes extending up to 2 generations. Even though the study was done in rural population, childhood obesity is present in 52 % of patients. Smoking and alcoholism is present in 20 % and 22 % respectively.64 % have moderate to sedentary physical activity.74 % are obese.83 % of male and 90 % of females have abdominal obesity.60 % have normal blood pressure, 20 % have pre HTN and 10 % have stage1 and 10 % have stage2 HTN. Conclusion Rural India which is well known for hard working and fit personalities is slowly being replaced by childhood obesity, less physical activity, adult obesity, increased waist circumference and increased incidence of metabolic diseases like diabetes and coronary artery disease.