Comparative Study of the Antiurolithiatic Activity of Plant Hydroalcoholic Extract of Argemone mexicana, Cissus javana DC and Garcinia pendunculata

Urinary stones are one of the oldest and the most common afflictions in humans. These diseases have suffered since the earliest records of civilization.10 % of men and 3 % of women have a stone during their adult lives while the chances of urinary stone are less in children. Calcium containing stones are the most common comprising of about 75 % of all urinary calculi, which may be in the form of pure calcium oxalate (50 %) or calcium phosphate (5 %) or a mixture of both (45 %). A number of medicinal plants have been mentioned in the Indian ayurvedic system which plays a vital role in the inhibition of stones. Traditional and folklore medicines play important role in health services around the globe. About three quarter of the worlds population relies on plants and plant extracts for health care. In the present study, the inhibitory potency of crude extracts of Argemone mexicana, Cissus javana DC and Garcinia pendunculata in methanol were evaluated on the formation of calcium phosphate and on the growth of calcium oxalate monohydrate (COM) crystals in vitro. Results obtained indicated that Argemone mexicana has the highest inhibition the formation of CP in the urinary medium while the Garcinia pendunculata has the highest inhibition the formation of COM in the urinary medium in vitro.