Analysis of Performance and Emission Parameters on Diesel Engine Using Various Blended Bio-Fuels

Bio-fuels are proved to be very good substitutes for the existing petroleum fuels. Biodiesel can be extracted from vegetable oils and waste fats. Trans-esterification is simply described as the chemical breaking of oil using alcohol to form alcohol esters and glycerol. This procedure involves a three step process, acid, alkaline esterification and washing based on FFA content. Then methyl esters of fuel (Soybean Oil, Rapeseed Oil, Tamanu Oil, and Corn Oil) have been blended with diesel fuel in various proportions to check the properties for theoretical investigation. The scope of the technology is to provide utility and comfort with no damage to the user or to the surroundings. In this study, the performance and emissions of single cylinder, four stroke, diesel engine operating on diesel and biodiesels have been investigated theoretically using the simulation software Diesel-RK and experimentally in a IC Engine. As a result, the blends B30 SME and B30 Tamanu oil methyl ester have shown a better performance. All blends show reduction in HC, NOx with increase in load. This is due to higher cetane number, calorific value and oxygen content. But, CO has slightly increased than the diesel fuel at all load condition. From Experimental investigations, blending of Tamanu oil methyl esters up to 30 % with diesel fuel can be used without any hardware modification in diesel engine and it reduces the harmful emissions.