Assessment of the Factors of Vitamin D Deficiency among Pregnant Women at IBN Sina College, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia

Background Vitamin D is an essential fat soluble vitamin and a key modulator of calcium metabolism in children and adults. Because calcium demands increase in the third trimester of pregnancy, vitamin D status becomes crucial for maternal health, fetal skeletal growth, and optimal maternal and fetal outcomes. Vitamin D deficiency is common in pregnant women (550 %) and in breastfed infants (1056 %), despite the widespread use of prenatal vitamins, because these are inadequate to maintain normal vitamin D levels (32 ng/mL). Adverse health outcomes such as preeclampsia, low birthweight, neonatal hypocalcemia, poor postnatal growth, bone fragility, and increased incidence of autoimmune diseases have been linked to low vitamin D levels during pregnancy and infancy. Studies are underway to establish the recommended daily doses of vitamin D in pregnant women. This review discusses vitamin D metabolism and the implications of vitamin D deficiency in pregnancy and lactation. . Objective To assess the factors of Vitamin D deficiency among pregnant Women at Ibn Sina College, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. Method A cross-sectional survey was conducted at outpatient clinics for Obstetrics & Gynecology, Ibn Sina College, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. Assessment checklist and investigation tests was carried out by the researcher in identifying the factors beyond vitamin D-deficiency among the pregnant women was provided to 200 pregnant women in the research setting to assess the factors of Vitamin D deficiency among pregnant Women at Ibn Sina College, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. Results This study finding showed that awareness towards Occupational Injury among some periodontal staff at dental clinics was variable. The majority (95.0 %) of the pregnant woman had vitamine D-deficiency due to Limited sun exposure. While, ( 91.0 %) of the studied sample had vitamin D-Deficiency due to Mal-absorptive syndromes. Furthermore, regular use of sunscreens (87.5 %) constitutes one of the major variable behind of the vitamin D-deficiency of pregnant woman among the studied sample. The third factors causing vitamin D-deficiency within the current study findings was Extensive clothing cover, which showed (82.0 %). On the other hand, the lowest level of vitamin D-deficiency was (75 %) of the studied sample caused by obesity and aging. Conclusions The current study results revealed that the majority of the pregnant woman had vitamin D-deficiency due to Limited sun exposure, followed by Mal-absorptive syndromes. Furthermore, regular use of sunscreens constitutes the third major variable behind of the vitamin D-deficiency of pregnant woman among the studied sample.